By Niniek Karmini
Aug. 23, 2026

Indonesian police have arrested 72 people on suspicion of deliberately setting forest and peatland fires, a move that underscores the government's push to combat the illegal land-clearing practices that have choked the region with toxic haze. The arrests, announced Wednesday, come as investigators probe whether plantation companies financed the fires to clear land cheaply for crops like palm oil and pulpwood.

The suspects were apprehended in several provinces across Sumatra and Kalimantan, areas notorious for annual burning. A police official stated that the arrests were part of a broader operation targeting both the individuals who set the fires and the corporations that may have funded them. "We are not just going after the small farmers; we are looking at the entire chain of command," the official said.

The fires, fueled by a strong El Niño and a prolonged dry season, have blanketed parts of Indonesia and neighboring countries in thick smoke, causing respiratory illnesses and disrupting flights. Peatland fires are particularly difficult to extinguish and release vast amounts of carbon dioxide, contributing to global warming.

Environmental groups have long criticized the government for not doing enough to stop the burning. This year's crackdown appears more aggressive. According to the National Disaster Mitigation Agency, more than 1,000 hotspots have been detected in recent weeks, down from previous years but still significant.

The arrests highlight the challenge of balancing economic development with environmental protection. Plantation companies often rely on cheap land-clearing methods, and smallholders follow suit. The government has promised to enforce laws that ban burning, but enforcement has been inconsistent.

Investigators are now examining financial records to determine if any plantation companies knowingly funded the fires. If proven, they could face heavy fines and loss of licenses. The police have also seized equipment and vehicles used in the burning.

This is not the first time Indonesia has arrested scores of people for forest fires. In previous years, hundreds have been detained, but few have been convicted. The key difference this time is the focus on corporate financing. Legal experts say proving intent and financial links remains difficult.

The dry season is expected to last until October, raising fears of more fires. Authorities have deployed water-bombing aircraft and cloud-seeding teams, but prevention remains the most effective strategy. The arrests send a strong signal that the government is serious about tackling the problem, but sustained action will be needed to stop the annual haze crisis.

The health toll has been severe. Hospitals in affected regions report a surge in respiratory cases, and schools have been forced to close. The economic cost is also high, with flight cancellations and lost productivity. Neighboring Singapore and Malaysia have voiced frustration, urging Jakarta to take stronger measures. The ASEAN haze agreement provides a framework for cooperation, but implementation has been weak.

Despite the arrests, some activists remain skeptical. They point out that without addressing the underlying drivers of land-use change, the fires will continue. The government's commitment to sustainable palm oil certification has been questioned, and illegal plantations still operate in protected areas. The current crackdown must be part of a broader strategy that includes restoring degraded peatlands, providing alternative livelihoods for smallholders, and strictly enforcing corporate accountability.

As the dry season reaches its peak, the world watches to see if Indonesia can turn the tide on its annual fire crisis. The arrests are a step forward, but they are only one piece of a much larger puzzle.