The newest Harvard Business School professor never sleeps, can hear the same pitch 50 times without complaint, and technically isn't a teacher at all. This tireless instructor is an AI clone, one of seven digital avatars now powering a $699 online startup bootcamp designed to help aspiring founders rehearse investor pitches, sales calls, and board meetings with the virtual presence of real Harvard faculty. The eight-week program operates under HBS Foundry, which Harvard calls an "AI-native digital workspace" for entrepreneurs. Alongside live sessions with human experts, participants interact with personalized AI mentors modeled on professors with backgrounds in venture capital, business-model design, board dynamics, and startup strategy. The experience culminates in an opportunity to pitch to real investors for a $100,000 prize. According to a Harvard spokesperson, 760 founders have already enrolled in the bootcamp.

Kat Rings, director of Foundry, explained to Fortune that the idea emerged from founders themselves. "They wanted opportunities to practice and be challenged before getting in front of mentors and investors, so those conversations could be even more meaningful," she said. The seven professors and senior lecturers who volunteered for the project underwent dedicated interviews, recording sessions, and ongoing feedback loops to ensure their digital doubles accurately captured their perspectives. Shikhar Ghosh, one of the cloned professors, emphasized that the AI is not a replacement. "The goal isn't to create a substitute for me," he told Fortune. "It's to give founders another way to prepare and challenge their thinking, so that when we do come together live, we can spend more of that valuable time on the questions where human judgment and conversation matter most."

The bootcamp is not an HBS degree program nor offered for academic credit. Instead, it represents an effort to "extend entrepreneurial support to high-potential founders wherever they are, including people who may never study at Harvard or have access to the networks and resources of a major innovation ecosystem," the Harvard spokesperson said. This experiment sits at the center of a growing tension on campuses: professors complain about students using AI to cheat on exams—Brown University's Robert Serrano, for instance, has urged universities to stamp out AI-enabled cheating—while other institutions are actively deploying AI to scale faculty time. Imperial Business School has created digital twins of its professors, and Georgia Tech has used an AI teaching assistant named Jill Watson across large online classes. Last year, Georgia Tech professor David Joyner built an AI avatar of himself, dubbed "DAI-vid," for an online generative AI course on edX, the platform co-founded by Harvard and MIT.

Lindsay Tanne Howe, whose company LogicPrep helps students gain admission to top schools, sees the potential but also the limits. "Much like online courses have made lectures from top universities broadly available, AI has the potential to go a step further and make not just a professor's knowledge, but some version of their perspective and judgment, available at scale," she told Fortune. "But what it can't replicate is everything that happens between people." Kian Katanforoosh, a Stanford lecturer and founder of AI skills platform Workera, added that AI can handle repetitive tasks—answering unlimited questions, explaining concepts in different ways—but cannot truly know a student. "What AI cannot fully replicate is knowing a student as a person," Katanforoosh said. "A professor can recognize potential, inspire a student, and make an introduction based on years of human interaction. AI can simulate some of these behaviors, but today it cannot put its own reputation at stake or genuinely care what happens next."

Scaling faculty through AI also raises an awkward question for universities: at what point does efficiency begin to undermine what students believe they are paying for? College students already object to professors outsourcing lesson planning and grading to AI, as Fortune previously reported. While Harvard's Foundry program is transparent about its use of AI, it could generate similar friction. "It can't necessarily replicate the experience of an elite education," Howe noted. Joyner, now Georgia Tech's interim Vice Provost for AI in Education, pointed out that the bootcamp's $699 price tag—compared to Harvard Business School's annual tuition of over $84,000—is part of a broader push to make higher education more accessible. However, he stressed that the role of the professors themselves remains "key" to making AI avatars effective. "Faculty using AI to expand the number of students that they can reach and the quality of the instruction they give can have an enormous positive effect," Joyner told Fortune via email. "But if companies or universities try to build these tools out of existing content without strong collaboration with the person being represented, there's no way to really know if the experience is representing the faculty themselves."