The Atlantic Coast Conference on Thursday became the fourth and final Power Four conference to adopt a rule barring players who have been on professional rosters from returning to college football and basketball. The move came just two days after the Southeastern Conference passed its own version, only to have a Texas judge issue a temporary restraining order against it, creating a legal firestorm that has upended the NCAA's eligibility landscape.
The order from Dallas County Judge Martin Hoffman effectively paused the SEC's rule for the time being, affecting more than 40 players who had signed with NFL teams as undrafted free agents or were otherwise seeking a fifth year of college eligibility. The judge's ruling directed the NCAA to open the transfer portal for one week, allowing those players to potentially move to other schools. The order specifically noted that any player who would have been eligible to continue playing college sports in the following semester if they had a fifth year of eligibility is now eligible. Among the plaintiffs are former SMU wide receiver Jordon Hudson, who is with the Dallas Cowboys, and former Miami linebacker Wesley Bissainthe, who is with the Kansas City Chiefs. Neither played in the SEC, but the judge's order did not restrict the transfer portal opening to SEC schools alone.
The ACC's resolution, meanwhile, lays out clear criteria for ineligibility. Under the policy, a school cannot roster a player who has declared for an NFL, NBA, or WNBA draft without properly withdrawing per NCAA rules; who has signed a contract with a professional league such as the NFL, NBA G-League, or WNBA; or who has been listed on any roster of a professional team. The rule covers football and men's and women's basketball, aligning with the policies already adopted by the Big Ten, SEC, and Big 12.
N.C. State football coach Dave Doeren voiced support for the conference's approach, saying, "Just to me, that's kind of a cutoff, when a guy goes pro. And we say 'Goodbye, good luck,' and we move on. And there shouldn't be the ability to come back. If it's the Big Ten, SEC — it doesn't matter to me: it's an amateurism rule." His sentiment reflects a broader desire among coaches and administrators to draw a clear line between amateur and professional competition.
The NFL also weighed in on Wednesday, stating that players who leave the league to return to college will not be allowed to come back to the NFL this season. This adds another layer of complexity for players contemplating a return to the collegiate ranks.
The legal battle is far from settled. The Texas ruling punctures the belief held by some experts that conference-level rules might be more legally defensible than those passed by the NCAA. Rick Karcher, a faculty athletics representative at Eastern Michigan and a former sports law attorney, explained before the Thursday ruling, "From an antitrust perspective, as long as conferences aren't colluding, they can make their own rules about allowing, or not allowing, former professional players to compete. And regardless of any injunction order that may be issued, it doesn't require any school to allow any player to compete on the field and I highly doubt that any schools are going to violate conference rules."
Karcher's analysis highlights the tension between judicial intervention and conference autonomy. The ACC's rule, like those of its peers, is designed to prevent the back-and-forth flow of players between professional and college sports, which has become increasingly common as NCAA eligibility rules face legal challenges. The hope among conference officials is that a unified front will bring order to a chaotic landscape, but the Texas judge's order suggests that the courts may have other ideas.
The lawsuit names the NCAA, the SEC, and its commissioner Greg Sankey as defendants. At least two players who signed with NFL teams as undrafted free agents this offseason were hoping to play for No. 11 LSU, though the SEC's rule and the subsequent legal action have complicated those plans.
As the legal wrangling continues, the question remains: how many more players and their attorneys will challenge these conference-level rules? The NCAA has won some appeals on eligibility cases, but the Texas decision opens a new front. The conference rules are not part of the NCAA's own five-year eligibility rule, which does not apply to players who exhausted their fourth year last spring. Many of those players are suing across the country for that fifth year, adding to the legal pressure.
The ACC's move completes a rapid consolidation among the Power Four conferences, all of which have now drawn a firm line against professional players returning to college. Whether that line holds will depend on the courts, the willingness of schools to enforce the rules, and the players' determination to fight for their eligibility.